A modest increase in dietary zinc – equivalent to four milligrams per day – may reduce oxidative stress and wear and tear to DNA, a new study has claimed.
Researchers from the UCSF Benioff Children Hospital Research Institute (CHORI) in the US show that extra zinc in the diet can have a profound, positive impact on cellular health that helps fight infections and diseases. This amount of zinc is equivalent to what bio-fortified crops like zinc rice and zinc wheat can add to the diet of vulnerable, nutrient deficient populations, researchers said.
The study led by CHORI Senior Scientist Janet King and her team is the first to show that a modest increase in dietary zinc reduces oxidative stress and damage to DNA. “We were pleasantly surprised to see that just a small increase in dietary zinc can have such a significant impact on how metabolism is carried out throughout the body. These results present a new strategy for measuring the impact of zinc on health and reinforce the evidence that food-based interventions can improve micronutrient deficiencies worldwide.” said King.
Zinc is ubiquitous in our body and facilitates many functions that are essential for preserving life. It plays a vital role in maintaining optimal childhood growth and in ensuring a healthy immune system. Zinc also helps limit inflammation and oxidative stress in our body, which are associated with the onset of chronic cardiovascular diseases and cancers.
Around much of the world, many households eat polished white rice or highly refined wheat or maize flours, which provide energy but do not provide enough essential micronutrients such as zinc, the report says.
Zinc is an essential part of nearly 3,000 different proteins, and it impacts how these proteins regulate every cell in our body. In the absence of sufficient zinc, our ability to repair everyday wear and tear on our DNA is compromised. In the randomised, controlled, six-week study the scientists measured the impact of zinc on human metabolism by counting DNA strand breaks.
The researchers used the parameter of DNA damage to examine the influence of a moderate amount of zinc on healthy living. This was a novel approach, different from the commonly used method of looking at zinc in the blood or using stunting and morbidity for assessing zinc status. These results are relevant to the planning and evaluation of food-based solutions for mitigating the impact of hidden hunger and malnutrition.
The report believes that bio-fortification can be a sustainable, long-term solution to zinc deficiency.
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